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Version 15.1 by Rosa Van Tuijn on 2025/07/31 13:10
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1 === **Indoor Drone Exploration and Victim Detection – USAR** ===
2
3 |=**Objective**|=(((
4 [[OB01: Increase effectiveness through exploration, sensing and communication means>>2\. Specification.Objectives.OB01\: Increase effectiveness through exploration, sensing and communication means.WebHome]]
5
6 [[OB04: Improve safety by providing overviews and warnings of environment conditions>>2\. Specification.Objectives.OB04\: Improve safety by providing overviews and warnings of environment conditions.WebHome]]
7
8 Use an indoor drone to explore buildings before entry, locate victims, and update the C3I map for safer and faster intervention.
9 )))
10 |**TDP**|TDP1, TDP2, TDP4, TDP5
11 |**IDP**|IDP1
12 |**Actors**|Drone Operator, Analyst, Team Leader, USAR Rescuers
13 |**Pre-Condition**|Structure is unsafe for entry; drone is available.
14 |**Post-Condition**|Victim locations marked; team briefed.
15 |**Status**|Validated during and refined after CFT 1, CFT 2, CFT 3
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17
18
19 ----
20
21 === **Action Sequence** ===
22
23 1. **Deployment and Startup**
24  a. Team leader identifies structure as unsafe and requests drone deployment.
25  b. Drone operator sets up and tests the drone, connects it to the C3I system.
26  c. Analyst prepares the interface to process and annotate live data.
27 1. **Initial Entry and Autonomous Navigation**
28  a. Drone autonomously navigates through the structure using onboard sensors.
29  b. Drone detects victims, hazards, and structural features.
30  c. Data is transmitted to the analyst in real time.
31 1. **Live Monitoring and Victim Identification**
32  a. Analyst verifies detections and flags victims or hazards.
33  b. If needed, operator switches to manual control for detailed exploration.
34  c. Confirmed findings are tagged on the C3I map.
35 1. **Data Marking and Coordination**
36  a. Analyst shares tagged map and video with team leader.
37  b. Team leader updates the plan and briefs USAR team.
38  c. Drone finishes scan and returns or continues overwatch mode.
39
40 ----
41
42 |=**Claims (title)**|=**Function**|=**Effect(s)**|=**Action Sequence Step(s)**
43 |**CL1 Video stream improves pre-entry SSA **|Live video|(((
44 EFXX: Situation Awareness is improved.
45 → Measured with SAGAT method and questionnaire.
46
47 (Oude effect van Mark tussen haakjes steeds: Team enters with real-time building and victim data)
48 )))|4a
49 |**CL2 Map improves pre-entry SSA **|C3I mapping, LIDAR|Same as above|3c, 4a
50 |**CL3 Map improves responder safety **|Drone maps hazard zones and structural integrity|(((
51 EFXX: First Responder [[5. Safety>>Main.b\. Human Factors.Safety.WebHome]] is improved
52 → Measured with near incident analysis. 
53 **Note: **is this function "victim detection" talking about that function of the human + drone together as one system. Or only of the technology, i.e. the drone?
54
55 (Minimizes exposure to unsafe zones)
56 )))|2b, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a
57 |(((
58 **CL4 Autonomous victim detection improves team performance and safety**
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60
61 )))|Autonomous navigation, Object detection (Thermal imaging?) |(((
62 Victims are detected more quickly, accurately and robustly than when the robot is directly controlled by a human.
63 → Measured with time until area mapped + victims correctly localized.
64 **Note**: Verwachten we hier echt dat dit sneller gaat dan een mens die het remotely operate? Of een mens die naar binnen gaat en het zelf doorzoekt? Autonoom is mogelijk wel robuuster bij e.g. verbinding verlies.
65
66 EFXX: Task performance increased.
67 → Measured with time until area mapped + victims correctly localized. (vs. e.g. human doing all victim detection on their own using camera stream).
68
69 EFXX: Mental workload of drone operator and FR is low
70 → measured with NASA TLX questionnaire.
71 **Note**: Wat doen de drone operator en FR nu in de tussentijd? Wachten of meekijken? Is dat beter dan voorheen?
72
73 (Speeds up rescue prioritization)
74 )))|2a, 2b, 3a
75 |(((
76 **CL5 Analyst involvement improves SA and trust calibration**
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79 )))|Analyst verifies and adds missing detections and victims on camera live video stream|(((
80 EFXX: Trust (or reliance?) in SA is good
81 → Measured with ??.
82
83 **Note: **meeste measures meten het vertrouwen in de robot, maar hier specifiek geïnteresseerd in het vertrouwen in het eindersultaat?
84 )))|3a
85 |(((
86 **CL6 Adaptive autonomy ensures acceptable workload for drone operator and analyst **
87 )))|Adaptive autonomy |(((
88 EFXX: Mental Workload of drone operator acceptable
89 → Measured with NASA TLX questionnaire.
90
91
92 )))|3a, 3b
93
94 Mogelijke andere claims:
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96 1. Analyst verification zorgt voor geen responsibility gap