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1 1  = Introduction =
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3 -At TNO (Netherlands organisation for applied scientific research) and Delft University of Technology, researchers have been working on a research & development method for complex, intelligent, and interactive technology called "Socio-Cognitive Engineering" (SCE). The SCE method has been developed over the years in an iterative way, and has been applied in multiple projects and a wide variety of application domains such a task support system in naval ships (Neerincx & Lindenberg, 2008); ePartners for astronauts during long-term missions (Neerincx et al., 2011); a support system for elderly living at home (Spiekman et al., 2011); a human-agent/robot teamwork system for disaster response (Mioch et al., 2012); a virtual coach for low-literates to practice societal participation (Schouten et al., 2017); a virtual assistant for workload harmonization in train-traffic control teams (Harbers et al., 2017); and a hybrid agent-based system for child's diabetes management (Neerincx et al., 2019).
3 +At TNO (Netherlands organisation for applied scientific research) and Delft University of Technology, researchers have been working on a research & development method for complex, intelligent, and interactive technology called "Socio-Cognitive Engineering" (SCE). The SCE method has been developed over the years in an iterative way, and has been applied in multiple projects and a wide variety of application domains such a task support system in naval ships (Neerincx & Lindenberg, 2008); ePartners for astronauts during long-term missions (Neerincx et al., 2011); a support system for elderly living at home (Spiekman et al., 2011); a human-agent/robot teamwork system for disaster response (Mioch et al., 2012); a virtual coach for low-literates to practice societal participation (Schouten et al., 2017); a virtual assistant for workload harmonization in train-traffic control teams (Harbers et al., 2017); and a hybrid agent-based system for child's diabetes management (Neerincx et al., 2019). An overview of the literature can be found at [[https:~~/~~/scetool.ewi.tudelft.nl>>url:https://scetool.ewi.tudelft.nl/]].
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5 5  The SCE method structures and guides the systematic creation, evaluation and documentation of technological designs that aim to provide social, cognitive and affective support to help humans in realizing their goals and values. The method combines different design approaches and techniques in order to establish a sound, theoretically and empirically grounded design solution. In contrast to a “waterfall procedure”, SCE allows for quick, incremental, and iterative generate-and-test cycles (e.g. agile development). In this process, researchers and developers are required to continuously specify, refine, and integrate different parts of the system (i.e. components). SCE supports the sharing and reusing of the evolving design knowledge by the heterogeneous, multi-disciplinary development community. Key is the generation, refinement, validation, maintenance, and reuse of coherent and concise design specifications. Such design specifications describe //both// what the technology should do //and// the underlying design rationale (the why and when). Three main segments are distinguished: (A) Foundation, (B) Specification, and (C) Evaluation (Below, we summarize the SCE method; for some short examples, see SCE Example).
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